The topic of inner peace addresses a universal need.  There is nobody on this planet that does not desire inner peace.  It is not a desire that is new to our time; rather, it is something that everybody has been searching for throughout the ages, regardless of color, creed, religion, race, nationality, age, sex, wealth, ability or technological advancement.

People have taken a variety of different paths in trying to achieve inner peace, some through accumulating material possessions and wealth, others through drugs; some through music, others through meditation; some through their husbands and wives, others through their careers and some through their children’s achievements.  And the list goes on.

Yet the search also goes on.  In our time we have been led to believe that technological advancement and modernization will produce for us physical comforts and through these we will attain inner peace.

However, if we were to take the most technologically advanced and most industrialized nation in the world, America, then we would see that what we have been led to believe is not factual.  The statistics show that in America some 20 million adults suffer from depression yearly; and what is depression but a total lack of inner peace?  Furthermore in the year 2000 death rate due to suicide was double the rate of those who died from Aids.  However, the news media being what it is, we hear more about those who die from Aids than we do about those who die by committing suicide.  Also more people die from suicide in America than from homicide, and the homicide rates themselves are massive.

So the reality is that technological advancement and modernization have not bought inner peace and tranquility.  Rather in spite of the comforts that modernization has brought us, we are further away from inner peace than our ancestors were.

Inner peace is for the most part of our lives very elusive; we never seem to get our hands on it.

Many of us mistake personal pleasures for inner peace; we achieve elements of pleasure from a variety of things, be it wealth, sexual relations or other than that.  But these do not last, they come and go.  Yes we have personal pleasures from time to time and we are pleased with various things from time to time, but this is not inner peace.  True inner peace is a sense of stability and contentment which carries us through all the trials and difficulties of life.

We need to understand that peace is not something that will exist in this world around us because when we define peace according to the dictionary definition it states that peace is freedom from war or civil strife.  Where do have this?  There is always a war or some sort of civil unrest happening somewhere in the world.  If we look at peace in terms of the state level then peace is freedom from public disorder and security, but where in the world do we have this in a complete form?  If we look at peace on a social level, family and work, then peace is freedom from disagreements and arguments, but is there such a social environment that never has disagreements or arguments?  In terms of location, then yes, we can have a place which is calm, peaceful and tranquil, some islands for example, but this external peace only exists for a small amount of time, sooner or later a storm or a hurricane will come.

God says:

“Verily, I have created man in toil (struggle).” (Quran 90:4)

This is the nature of our lives; we are in toil and struggle, ups and downs, times of difficulties and times of ease.

It is a life full of tests as God says:

“And certainly, We shall test you with something of fear, hunger, loss of wealth, lives and fruits, but give glad tidings to as-Saabirin (the patient ones, etc.).” (Quran 2:155)

To deal with our circumstances, the circumstances of toil and struggle in which we live, patience is the key.

But if we go back to the inner peace that we are looking for, then patience cannot manifest itself if we do not have that inner peace.

We are living in a world of toil and struggle, but yet within ourselves it is possible to attain inner peace, peace with the environment, with the world in which we live.

Obviously there are some obstacles which prevent us from attaining peace.  So first we have to identify the obstacles in our lives which prevent us from achieving maximum inner peace and develop some kind of strategy to remove them.  The obstacles will not be removed just by thinking that we need to remove them; we have to develop some steps to achieve this.  So how do we go about removing these obstacles so that we can achieve what is possible of inner peace?

The first step is to identify the obstacles themselves.  We have to be aware of them, because if we cannot identify them then we cannot remove them.

The second step is to accept them as obstacles within ourselves.  For example anger is one of the biggest obstacles to inner peace, for example.  If a person is angry, worked up and has blown a fuse, how can he or she have inner peace in that circumstance?  It is not possible.  So the person needs to recognize that anger is an obstacle to inner peace.

However, if a person states that, “Yes, it is an obstacle but I do not get angry”, then such a person has a problem.  He has not accepted that obstacle as a problem and is in a state of self denial.  As such he cannot remove it.

If we look at the obstacles in life we can put them under a variety of headings: personal problems, family issues, financial dilemmas, work pressures and spiritual confusion.  And there are many issues under these headings.

We have so many problems, so many obstacles that they are like illnesses.  If we try to deal with them one by one we will never get through them.  We need to identify them, put them in some general categories and tackle them as a group as opposed to trying to tackle each individual obstacle and problem.

To do this we have to first of all remove obstacles that are beyond our control.  We have to be able to distinguish which obstacles are within our control and which ones are beyond our control.  While we perceive the ones that are beyond our control as obstacles the reality is that they are not.  They are the things that God has destined for us in our lives, they are not really obstacles, but we have misinterpreted them as being obstacles.

For example, in this time one might find oneself born black in a world that favors white people over black people; or born poor in a world that favors the rich over the poor, or born short, or crippled, or any other physical condition which is considered a handicap.

These are all things that were and are beyond our control.  We did not choose which family to be born in to; we did not choose which body for our spirit to be blown into, this is not our choice.  So whatever we find of these kinds of obstacles then we just have to be patient with them and realize that, in fact, they are not really obstacles.  God told us:

“…and it may be that you dislike a thing which is good for you and that you like a thing which is bad for you.  God knows but you do not know.” (Quran 2:216)

So the obstacles that are beyond our control, we may dislike them and we may want to change them, and some actually people spend a lot of money trying to change them.  Michael Jackson is a classic example.  He was born black in a world that favors white people, so he spent a lot of money trying to change himself but he only ended up making a mess of things.

Inner peace can only be achieved if the obstacles that are beyond our control are accepted by us patiently as part of God’s destiny.

Know that whatever happens which we had or have no control over, then God has put in it some good, whether or not we are able to grasp what is good in it; the good is still there.  So we accept it!

There was an article in a newspaper which had a photograph of a smiling Egyptian man.  He had a smile on his face from ear to ear with his hands stretched out and both thumbs sticking up; his father was kissing him on one cheek and his sister on the other cheek.

Underneath the photograph it had a caption.  He was supposed to have been on a Gulf Air flight the day before, Cairo to Bahrain.  He had dashed down to the airport to catch the flight and when he got there he had one stamp missing on his Passport (In Cairo you have to have many stamps on your documents.  You get a person to stamp this and sign that and that person to stamp that and sign this) but there he was at the airport with one stamp missing.  As he was a teacher in Bahrain and this flight was the last one back to Bahrain which would enable him to report back on time, missing it meant that he would have lost his job.  So he nagged them to let him on the flight.  He became frantic, started crying and screaming and going berserk, but he could not get on the plane.  It took off without him.  He went (to his home in Cairo) distraught, thinking that he was finished and that his career was over.  His family comforted him and told him not to worry about it.  The next day, he heard the news that the plane he was meant to be on crashed and everybody on board died.  And then there he was, ecstatic that he did not make the flight, but the day before it, was as if it was the end of his life, a tragedy that he did not get on the flight.

These are signs, and such signs can be found in the story of Mosa and Khidr (which best we read every Jumu’ah, i.e. Chapter al-Kahf of the Holy Quran).  When Khidr made a hole in the boat of the people who were kind enough to take him and Mosa across the river, Mosa asked why he (Khidr) did that.

When the owners of the boat saw the hole in the boat they wondered who did it and thought that it was a nasty thing to have done.  A short while later the king came down to the river and forcefully took away for himself all the boats except the one with a hole in it.  So the owners of the boat praised God due to the fact that there was a hole in their boat.[1]

There are other obstacles or rather things which are perceived as obstacles in our life.  These are things in which we cannot figure out what is beyond them.  A thing happens and we do not know why, we do not have an explanation for it.  For some people this drives them into disbelief.  If one listens to an atheist, he has no inner peace and has rejected God.  Why did that person become an atheist?  It is abnormal to disbelieve in God, whereas it is normal for us to believe in God because God created us with a natural inclination to believe in Him.

God says:

“So set you (O Muhammad) your face towards the religion of pure Islamic Monotheism Hanifa (worship none but God Alone) God’s Fitrah (i.e. God’s Islamic Monotheism), with which He has created mankind.  No change let there be in Khalq¬illah (i.e. the Religion of God Islamic Monotheism), that is the straight religion, but most of men know not.” (Quran 30:30)[2]

The Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, said:

“Every child is born with a pure nature (as a Muslim with a natural inclination to believe on God)…” (Saheeh Al-Bukhari, Saheeh Muslim)

This is the nature of human beings, but a person who becomes an atheist without having been taught it from childhood usually does so because of a tragedy.  If a tragedy happens in their life they have no explanations as to why it happened.

For example, a person who became an atheist may say that he/she had a wonderful auntie; she was a very good person and everybody loved her, but one day whilst she was out crossing the road a car came out of nowhere and hit her and she died.  Why did this happen to her of all people?  Why?  No explanations!  Or a person (who became an atheist) may have had a child who died and say why did this happen to my child?  Why?  No explanations!  As a result of such tragedies they then think that there can not possibly be a God.

Going back to the story of Moses and Khidr, after they crossed the river they came across a child, and Khidr intentionally killed that child.  Moses asked Khidr how he could possibly do such a thing?  The child was innocent and Khidr simply killed him!  Khidr told Moses that the child had righteous parents and if the child had grown up (God knew that) he would have become such a terror for his parents that he would have driven them into disbelief, so God ordered the death of the child.

Of course the parents grieved when they found their child dead.  However, God replaced their child with one who was righteous and better for them.  This child honored them and was good to and for them, but the parents would always have a hole in their heart due to losing their first child, right until the Day of Judgment when they will stand before God, and He will reveal to them the reason why He took the soul of their first child and then they will then understand and praise God.

So this is the nature of our lives.  There are things, things which are apparently negative, things which happen in our lives which seem to be obstacles to inner peace because we do not understand them or why they happened to us, but we have to put them aside.

They are from God and we have to believe that ultimately there is good behind them, whether we can see it or not.  Then we move on to those things that we can change.  First we identify them, then we move to the second major step and that is removing the obstacles by developing solutions for them.  To remove the obstacles we have to focus mostly on self-change and this is because God says:

“Verily!  God will not change the good condition of a people as long as they do not change their state of good within themselves…” (Quran 13:11)

This is an area which we have control over.  We can even develop patience, although the common idea is that some people are just born patient. 

A man came to the Prophet, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon himraise his name, and asked what he needed to do to get to Paradise, so the Prophet told him: “Do not get angry.” (Saheeh Al-Bukhari)

The man was an individual who would get angry quickly, so the Prophet told the man that he needed to do change his angry nature.  So changing oneself and one’s character is something achievable. 

The Prophet also said: “Whoever pretends to be patient (with a desire to be patient) God will give him patience.”  

This is recorded in Saheeh Al-Bukhari.  This means that although some people are born patient the rest of us can learn to be patient.

Interestingly in Western psychiatry and psychology they used to tell us to get it off our chest, don’t hold it in because if we did we would explode, so better to let it all out.

Later on they discovered that when people let it all out small blood vessels would burst in their brain because they were so angry.  They found that it was actually dangerous and potentially damaging to let it all out.  So now they say it is better not to let it all out.

The Prophet told us to try to be patient, so externally we should give that façade of being patient even when internally we are boiling.  And we do not try to be patient externally in order to deceive people; rather, we do so in order to develop patience.  If we are consistent in this then the external image of patience also becomes internal and as a result complete patience is achieved and is achievable as mentioned in the Hadeeth quoted above.

Among the methods is to look at how the material elements of our lives play a major part with regards to patience and us achieving it.

The Prophet gave us advice on how to deal with these elements by saying:

“Do not look to those above you who are more fortunate, instead, look to those below you or less fortunate…”

This is because no matter what our situation is, there are always those who are worse off than us.  This should be our general strategy with regards to the material life.  Nowadays the material life is a huge part of our life, we seem to be obsessed with it; gaining all we can in this world seems to be the main point that most of us focus our energies towards.  So if one must do this then they should not let it affect their inner peace.

While dealing with the material world we should not keep focusing on those who are better off than us otherwise we will never be satisfied with what we have.  The Prophet said:

“If you give the son of Adam a valley of gold he would want another one.” (Saheeh Muslim)

The saying is that the grass is always greener on the other side; and the more a person has the more a person wants.  We cannot achieve satisfaction in the material world if we are chasing after it in such a way; rather, we should look to those who are less fortunate, this way we will remember the gifts, benefits and mercy that God has bestowed upon us with regards to our own wealth, no matter how little it may seem.

There is another saying of the Prophet Muhammad which helps us in the realm of the material world to put our affairs in their proper perspective, and is a Prophetic example of Steven Covey’s[1]  principle of “first things first”.  The Prophet stated this principle over 1400 years ago and laid this principle down for the believers by saying:

“Whoever makes this world his goal God will confuse his affairs and place poverty before his eyes and he will be able to attain nothing from this world except for what God has already written for him…” (Ibn Maajah, Ibn Hibbaan)

So a person’s affairs will not come together for him, he will be all over the place, like a chicken with its head cut off, running wild; if he makes this world his goal.  God will place poverty before his eyes and no matter how much money he has he will feel poor.  Every time someone is nice to him or smiles at him he feels that they are only doing so because they want his money, he can’t trust anyone and is not happy.

When the stock market crashes you read about some of those who invested in it committing suicide.  A person may have had 8 million and lost 5 million with 3 million left after the market crashed, but losing that 5 million seems to him to be the end.  He sees no point in living after that, as God has put poverty between his eyes.

We have to keep in mind that people will not get from this world except what God has already written for them, this is the bottom line.  After all that running around, staying up late at night, being a workaholic a person will only get that which God has already destined for him or her.  The Prophet, may God raise his name, said:

“Whoever sets the Hereafter as his goal, God gathers his affairs for him, gives him richness of (faith in) the heart and the world will come to him grudgingly and submissively.” (Ibn Maajah, Ibn Hibbaan)

Such a person attains richness of the heart.  Richness is not about having a lot of wealth, but richness is having wealth of the heart, and what is wealth of the heart?  It is contentment, and this is where the peace comes from, when a person submits themselves to God, and this is Islam.

The inner peace is accepting Islam in our hearts and living by the principles of Islam.  So God will put richness in a person’s heart and this world will come to him submissively, on its knees and humbled.  Such a person will not have to chase it.

This is the Promise of the Prophet if a person puts “first things first”, and that is the Hereafter.  If it is Paradise that we want then that should be manifest in our lives, it should be the point of our focus, what we keep putting in the forefront.

So how do we know when the Hereafter is our focus?  If we sit down with a person and all we talk about are the latest cars, expensive houses, traveling and holidays and money, if the majority of our conversations is about material things or it is gossip, talking about this person and that person then it means that the Hereafter is not our focus.  If the Hereafter was our focus then it would be reflected in our conversation.  This is a very basic level in which we can judge ourselves, so we should stop and ask ourselves, “What do we spend most of our time talking about”?

If we find that our priority is this world, then we need to re-focus, we need to put “first things first”, meaning the Hereafter before the life of this world, and if we do this we can achieve inner peace, and God informed us of this in the Quran, a precise step to take in order to attain inner peace, and God says:

“Verily, in the remembrance of God do hearts find rest.” (Quran 13:28)

So it is only by the remembrance of God that hearts find rest.  This is the inner peace.  The remembrance of God is in everything we do as Muslims.  Islam is living a life remembering God, and God says:

“Perform the prayer for My remembrance…” (Quran 20:14)

Everything that we do (in Islam) involves the remembrance of God as Muslims.  God says:

“Say: ‘Indeed, my prayer, my sacrifice, my living and dying are for God, Lord of all the worlds.’” (Quran 6:162)

So here is the way to achieve inner peace, to remember God in all aspects of our lives.

This remembrance (dhikr) is not as some people think i.e. to sit in the corner of a dark room constantly repeating “Allah, Allah, Allah…” This is not how we remember God.  Yes, such a person is saying God’s name, but if we think about it, if somebody came to you (and for example your name is Muhammad) and kept saying “Muhammad, Muhammad, Muhammad…” you would wonder what is wrong with that person.  Does he want something?  Is there something that he needs?  What is the purpose of repeating my name without further talk?

This is not the way to remember God because this is not how the Prophet remembered God and there is no record of him doing that.  Some people say that we should remember God by dancing around or swaying from side to side.  This is not the way to remember God, as this too is not how the Prophet remembered God and there is no record of him doing that.

The Prophet remembered God in his life.  His life was a life of remembrance of God, he lived a life in remembrance of God and this is the true remembrance, in our prayers and in our living and our dying.

In summary, the search for inner peace involves recognizing the problems that we have in our lives, recognizing our obstacles, recognizing that inner peace will only come when we identify those obstacles and understand which of them we can change and that we focus on those obstacles we can change, the ones which are related to our self.

If we change our self then God will change the world around us and give us the means to deal with the world around us.  Even though the world is in turmoil God gives us inner peace with it.

Whatever happens we know that it is God’s destiny and that it is God’s trials and we know that ultimately it is for our good and has good in it.  God created us in this world and the world as a means to attain Paradise and the trials of this world is our own spiritual growth.  If we can accept all this, accepting God in our hearts then we can find inner peace.